منابع مشابه
Liquid Water in Squall Lines and Hurricanes
I n convective clouds jet aircraft encounter icing at air temperatures lower th211 -60' C. It may be reesoned that this results from (1) the melting of frozen droplets duc to dynamic or frictional heating in the quasi-potential flow around the air foil; (2) the impact of precipitation consisting of ice spheres with liquid water cores; (3) the possibility that raindrops are carried upward by ver...
متن کاملObservations of Mergers between Squall Lines and Isolated Supercell Thunderstorms
A set of 21 cases in which an isolated supercell merged with a squall line were identified and investigated using analyses from the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) model, archived data from the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network, and severe storm reports. This analysis revealed two primary environments associated with these mergers: a weak synoptic forcing, weak to moderate shea...
متن کاملTornadoes from Squall Lines and Bow Echoes. Part I: Climatological Distribution
The primary objective of this study was to estimate the percentage of U.S. tornadoes that are spawned annually by squall lines and bow echoes, or quasi-linear convective systems (QLCSs). This was achieved by examining radar reflectivity images for every tornado event recorded during 1998–2000 in the contiguous United States. Based on these images, the type of storm associated with each tornado ...
متن کاملThe Influence of Convective Thermal Forcing on the Three-dimensional Circulation around Squall Lines
The present study suggests that the three-dimensional circulation in the trailing stratiform region behind squall lines is primarily determined by the time-mean pattern of heating and cooling in the leading convective line. Analysis of the line-normal circulations show that they develop as thermally generated gravity waves spread away from the leading line. Midlevel line-end vortices are the re...
متن کاملSquall: Scalable Real-time Analytics
Squall is a scalable online query engine that runs complex analytics in a cluster using skew-resilient, adaptive operators. Squall builds on state-of-the-art partitioning schemes and local algorithms, including some of our own. This paper presents the overview of Squall, including some novel join operators. The paper also presents lessons learned over the five years of working on this system, a...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Monthly Weather Review
سال: 1930
ISSN: 0027-0644,1520-0493
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0493(1930)58<402:slinm>2.0.co;2